高考英語語法填空主要考查學生在英語詞彙、語法,甚至是句法上的運用能力,能更科學地反映學生的英語綜合水平。隻要有紮實的英語基礎知識並輔之以相應的解題技巧,考生就能拿到高分。
曆年考點
高考語法填空題考查過的考點(diǎn)有:時态和語态、非謂語動詞(cí)、助動詞(cí)、形容詞(cí)、副詞(cí)、名詞(cí)、冠詞(cí)、代詞(cí)、介詞(cí)、連詞(cí)、連接詞(cí)、關系詞(cí)、祈使句。100. Continuous efforts — not strength or intelligence — is the key to
這些考點(diǎn)共涉及到《英語課程标準》中的19個語法項目,暫時在高考中沒有考到的語法項目有:數詞(cí)、省略、倒裝、強調、虛拟語氣。另外,動詞(cí)中的情态動詞(cí)以及除一般現在時、一般過去時和現在完成時外的時态目前均沒有在高考中考查過。釋放潛能的關鍵不是力量,也不是智慧,而是不斷地努力。(動
11招,巧解語法填空
本題型分兩種情況:一種爲有提示詞(cí),一種爲無提示詞(cí)。今天胡老師給大家分享11個(gè)破解語法填空的實用技巧,助你高考英語語法填空輕松拿高分!
一、有提示詞題型
98. If you cannot be an excellent loser, you’ll never succeed.
這種考查形式主要考查詞性轉換、名詞單複數變(biàn)化、形容詞或副詞的比較級與最高級變(biàn)化、動詞的時态和語态(含主謂一緻)以及動詞的非謂語形式。這類題同樣需先判斷設空處在句中的功能,其次再確(què)定該用什麽形式。
例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education.
1、提示詞是動詞
動詞(cí)的變(biàn)化是語法填空題考查的重點之一。提示詞(cí)爲動詞(cí)時可能考查謂語動詞(cí)、非謂語動詞(cí)或名詞(cí)等。
100. Continuous efforts — not strength or intelligence — is the
a. 考查謂語動(dòng)詞(cí)時需考慮時态、語态、主謂一緻等。如:
Steam engines ________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been ...
解析:此處(chù)描述的是1863年倫敦地鐵的情況,主語Steam engines是複數,且是謂語動詞(cí)use所表示動作的承受者,故填were used。
3.There is no denying that + 主語 + 謂(wèi)語……(不可否認(rèn)的……)
b. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞(cí)時需考慮用動(dòng)詞(cí)-ing形式、過去分詞(cí)還是不定式,同時還要考慮非謂語動(dòng)詞(cí)的時态和語态。如:
3.There is no denying that + 主語 + 謂(wèi)語……(不可否認(rèn)的……)
【例1】My ambassadorial duties will include ________ (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre ...
解析:設空處(chù)作賓(bīn)語,且表示多次重複發生的動作,故填introducing。
3.There is no denying that + 主語 + 謂(wèi)語……(不可否認(rèn)的……)
【例2】Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal ________ (create) special designs.
解析:workers與create之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,且此處(chù)表目的,故填to create。
3.There is no denying that + 主語 + 謂(wèi)語……(不可否認(rèn)的……)
c. 考查名詞(cí)時(shí)需注意名詞(cí)的數。如:
Magically, that show remains the Great Jason's best ________ (perform) to this day.
解析:由the Great Jason's best可知設空處(chù)應填名詞(cí)且意爲“表演”,再根據that show remains可知應用單數形式,故填performance。
3.There is no denying that + 主語 + 謂(wèi)語……(不可否認(rèn)的……)
2、提示詞是形容詞
3.There is no denying that + 主語 + 謂(wèi)語……(不可否認(rèn)的……)
此時可能考查提示詞(cí)的反義詞(cí)、副詞(cí)、比較等級(jí)或名詞(cí)等。
a. 考查提示詞(cí)的反義詞(cí)時需根據文章邏輯判斷(duàn)。如:
A person's weight is private, and making comments about it is definitely considered ________ (polite).
解析:由private(私密的)可知,評論(lùn)别人的體重被認爲是不禮(lǐ)貌的,故填impolite。
3.There is no denying that + 主語 + 謂(wèi)語……(不可否認(rèn)的……)
b. 考查副詞(cí)時,設空處(chù)修飾動詞(cí)、形容詞(cí)或整個句子。如:
The title will be ________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
解析:設空處(chù)修飾謂語動詞(cí),故填副詞(cí)officially。
3.T3.There is no denying that + 主語 + 謂(wèi)語……(不可否認(rèn)
c. 考查比較等級(jí)時,應考慮用比較級(jí)還(hái)是最高級(jí)。如:
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (識(shí)别) those of ________ (great) and less importance.
解析:and連接並(bìng)列成分,由and後的less可知應填great的比較級greater。此處(chù)意爲“識别較重要的和不太重要的”。
的……)he denying that + 主語 + 謂(wèi)語……(不可否認(rèn)的……)
d. 考查名詞(cí)時(shí),需注意名詞(cí)的數。如:
In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ________ (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.
解析:設空處(chù)意爲“能力”,即不用電(diàn)器就能調節室溫的這一種能力,故填ability。
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
3、提示詞是副詞
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
此時可能考查比較(jiào)等級(jí)或其反義形式。如:
【例1】We've been describing New Zealand as a rock star in the sense that it has been doing ________ (well) than almost all of the other developed world economies over the past couple of years.
解析:由than可知此處(chù)需填比較級(jí),且此處(chù)意爲“做得更好”,故填well的比較級(jí)better。
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
【例2】He was well hidden, but at last he was ________ (luckily) found.
解析:由well hidden和but可知,此處(chù)意爲“不幸地被發現瞭(le)”,故填unluckily。
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
4、提示詞是名詞
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
此時(shí)可能考查名詞(cí)的數或形容詞(cí)。如:
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
a. 名詞(cí)的數通常需要根據主語、謂語、定語等來判斷(duàn)。如:
【例1】This trend ... has had some unintended side ________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
解析:由some及overweight and heart disease可知,“這個趨勢有一些沒有預料到的負(fù)作用”,故填effect的複(fù)數形式effects。
【例2】It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ________ (crowd) on the roads above ...
解析:由形容詞(cí)terrible和括号中的crowd可知,此處(chù)應填名詞(cí),意爲“人群”;作此義項講時crowd是可數名詞(cí),再結合句意可知應填其複數形式crowds。
b. 形容詞(cí)通常作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。如:
As ________ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ...
解析:設空處(chù)作定語修飾名詞(cí)architects,故填natural(天生的)。
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
二、無提示詞題型
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
這種形式考查的内容主要是冠詞、介詞、助動詞、連詞、關系詞和固定結構等。因爲沒有提示詞,所以考生需要根據一些固定結構、短文大意、上下文的邏輯關系及對一些長(zhǎng)難句結構的分析來確(què)定所填内容。
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
5、考查冠詞
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
主要考查冠詞(cí)的基本用法及短語(yǔ)中的冠詞(cí)。如:
The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, ________ other is with mum — she never suspects.
解析:短語one ... the other ...意爲“一個(gè)……另一個(gè)……”,符合題(tí)意,故填the。
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
6、考查介詞
主要考查介詞(cí)的基本用法及短語(yǔ)中的介詞(cí)。如:
Drinking my iced coffee I ran my fingers along the streets ________ the hotel to the opera hall.
解析:此處(chù)意爲“從(cóng)……到……”,故填from。
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
7、考查助動詞
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
需要找出所缺成分並(bìng)考慮(lǜ)時态。如:
Then the driver stood up and asked, “________ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”
解析:由asked和問号可知引号中内容是個疑問句,同時分析句子結構可知設空處(chù)需填助動詞(cí),再由句中的last stop可知句中的謂語應用一般過去時,故填Did。
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
8、考查連詞
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
包括並(bìng)列連詞(cí)和從屬連詞(cí)。如:
I made my way backstage just ________ the great magician was putting on his top hat.
解析:設空處(chù)引導狀語從(cóng)句,且此處(chù)意爲“正當……時”,故填as / when。
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
9、考查連接詞
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
包括連(lián)接代詞(cí)和連(lián)接副詞(cí)。如:
It's amazing ________ often people say “If I can help just one ...”.
解析:設空處(chù)引導主語從(cóng)句,且修飾often,故填how。
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
10、考查關系詞
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
關鍵在於分析句子結構並找出先行詞。如:
... the ring ... was spread over the garden, ________ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生長(zhǎng)) through it.
解析:設空處(chù)引導非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞(cí)garden,且在從句中作地點狀語,故填where。4.It is universally acknowledged that 從句 (全世界
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
11、考查固定結構
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
包括固定短語和句型。如:
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
Pahlsson screamed ________ loudly that her daughter came running from the house.
解析:分析句子結構可知,此處(chù)考查so ... that ... 句型,意爲“如此……以緻於(yú)……”。so修飾副詞loudly。
4.It is universally acknowledged that 從(cóng)句 (全世界都知道……)
三、牛刀小試
閱讀下面的短文,在空白處(chù)填入一個适當的單詞或括号内單詞的正確(què)形式。
What can you do if shops don’t sell the clothes you want? How can you get the clothes you want if you don’t have much cash?
Young 1. ________ (create) people in the UK have always come up 2. ________ ways to express their individuality through their clothes. “Printing your own T-shirt is 3. ________ easiest and most common way to adapt clothes,” John said. “You don’t have to make a T-shirt. You can buy a cheap T-shirt and add an image of your choice.”
Everyone 4. ________ (know) students don’t have a lot of money. That doesn’t have to be a problem if you’ve got a bit of 5. ________ (imagine) and a sewing machine. “Once I found a pair of trousers 6. ________ I liked but I couldn’t afford them. I bought some cloth of the same colour and copied the trousers, 7. ________ (use) my mum’s sewing machine,” Corinne said. “I went back to the shop wearing my homemade trousers 8. ________ (see) if they were the same as the ones in the shop. And I thought they were much better!”
Buying second-hand clothes is another fashion option for many young Brits to get individual styles. “I 9. ________ (real) love changing second-hand clothes. I can make skirts shorter or longer. Sometimes I just change all the 10. ________ (button) to give clothes a new look. By adapting these clothes you can be sure you will always have something original as well as cheap,” said Helen.
答案及解析:
1. creative。考查形容詞作定語的用法。設空處(chù)修飾people,表示“有創(chuàng)造力的”,故填creative。
2. with。考查介詞(cí)。come up with意爲(wèi)“想出”。
3. the。考查定冠詞(cí)。形容詞(cí)最高級(jí)前常用定冠詞(cí)the。
4. knows。考查一般現在時。由語境可知,know所表示的動(dòng)作是對(duì)一般情況的描述,應用一般現在時,又因爲主語是Everyone,故填knows。
5. imagination。考查名詞。設空處(chù)作of的賓(bīn)語,表示“想象力”,故填imagination
6. that / which。考查關系代詞。設空處(chù)引導限制性定語從句修飾 a pair of trousers,且在從句中作liked的賓(bīn)語,故填 that / which。
7. using。考查動(dòng)詞(cí)-ing形式作狀語的用法。I 與use之間是邏輯上的主謂關系,且use所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞(cí)copied所表示的動(dòng)作同時發生,故填using。
8. to see。考查不定式作狀語的用法。“我穿著(zhe)自制的褲(kù)子回到商店”的目的是“看看他們跟店裏的是不是一樣”,故填to see。
9. really。考查副詞(cí)。設空處(chù)修飾動詞(cí)love,表示“非常”,故填really。
10. buttons。考查名詞(cí)複(fù)數。由前面的all可知,應用名詞(cí)複(fù)數,故填buttons。