1. be fond of “喜愛,愛好” 接名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式。
He’s fond of swimming.
他喜歡遊泳。
Are you fond of fresh vegetables.
你喜歡新鮮蔬菜嗎?
He is fond of his research work.
他喜愛他的研究工作。
2. hunt for = look for 尋找
I have found the book I was hunting for.
我找到瞭(le)那本我在找的書(shū)。
hunt for a job 找工作
3. in order to/so as to:這兩個詞組都可引導不定式作目的狀語, in order to可放於句首, so as to則不能, 其否定形式爲in order not to / so as not to.
He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting.
他去北京是爲瞭(le)參(cān)加一個重要會議。
In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.
爲瞭(le)讓我們注意他, 他朝我們又是叫喊又是揮(huī)手。
4. care about
1) 喜歡(huān),對(duì)……有興趣 = care for
She doesn’t care about money.
她不喜歡錢。
2)關(guān)心 = care for
She thinks only of herself. She doesn’t care about other people.
她隻考慮(lǜ)自己。她不關(guān)心别人。
3)在乎,在意(接從(cóng)句或不接任何成分)
These young people care nothing about what old people might say.
這些年輕(qīng)人根本不在乎老人說的話(huà)。
5. such as 意爲“諸如……”,“像……”,是用來列舉人或事物的。
She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.
她教三門(mén)科目,像物理、化學(xué)。
6. drop a line 留下便條, 寫封短信
7. make yourself at home 别客氣;随便;無拘束
If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home.
如果你在我之前到我家,自己喝點(diǎn)飲(yǐn)料,随便一點(diǎn)。
8. stay up 不睡;熬夜
(1) I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.
我将回家很晚,不要等我瞭(le)。
(2) He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.
他熬夜看書直到淩晨兩(liǎng)點(diǎn)。
9. come about 引起;發生;産生
(1)How did the accident come about?
這場事故是怎麽發生的?
(2) They didn't know how the change had come about.
他們不知道這個變(biàn)化是怎樣産(chǎn)生的。
10. except for 除……之外
(1) except 與 except for 的用法常有區别。except 多用於(yú)引起同類(lèi)事物中被排除的一項。如:
①He answered all the questions except the last one.
除去最後一個(gè),他回答瞭(le)所有問題。
②We go there every day except Sunday.
除瞭(le)星期天,我們天天去那裏(lǐ)。
(2)except for 用於(yú)引述細節(jié)以修正句子的主要意思。如:
①Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.
除去一個老太太,這輛公共汽車(chē)全空瞭(le)。
②Your picture is good except for the colours.
你的畫(huà)兒(ér)很好,隻是某些色彩有問題。
(3)但在現代英語中,except for也用於(yú)表示except的意思。如上述第一個(gè)例子可以是:
He answered all the questions except for the last one.
(4) 另外,在介詞(cí)短語(yǔ)之前隻能用except,不能用except for。
We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.
除瞭(le)夏季,我們通常十點(diǎn)之前上床睡覺。
11. end up with 以……告終;以……結束
The party ended up with an English song.聚會(huì)以一首英文歌結(jié)束。
12. more or less 幾乎;差不多;大約;大概;大體上
(1) I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.
我差不多成功瞭(le),而他們沒(méi)有。
(2) Our living condition has more or less improved.
我們(men)的生活水平或多或少提高瞭(le)。
13. bring in 引進;引來;吸收
(1) We should bring in new technology.
我們應該引進新技術。
(2) He brings in 800 dollars a month.
他一個月掙八百美元。
14. get away(from) 逃離
(1)The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.
小偷帶著(zhe)我們所有的錢從商店逃跑瞭(le)。
(2)I caught a really big fish but it got away.
我釣(diào)到瞭(le)一條好大的魚,可是它逃掉瞭(le)。
15. watch out (for)注意;留心
(1)Watch out! There is a car coming.
小心!汽車來瞭。
(2)Watch out for the hole in the road.
留神路上的那個坑。
16. see sb. off 給某人送行
Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.
明天我到火車(chē)站給(gěi)朋友送行。
17. on the other hand 另一方面(用以引出相互矛盾的觀點、意見等,常說on the one hand …… on the other hand一方面……另一方面)
I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.
我知道這份工作報(bào)酬不高,但從另一方面來說,我也不必工作太長(zhǎng)時間。
18. as well as 和,還
He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.
她不但是攝影師還(hái)是個(gè)天才的音樂家。
19. take place 發生
take one’s place 入座、站好位置、取得地位
take sb’s place 或take the place of 代替、取代
20. on fire 相當於burning, 意爲“燃燒;著火;起火”,有靜态的含意。catch fire有動态的含意。
set…on fire/set fire to…用來(lái)表示“使……著(zhe)火”、“放火燒……”。
Look, the theatre is on fire! Let’s go and help.
瞧,劇院著(zhe)火瞭(le),咱們去幫忙救火吧。
21. on holiday 在度假,在休假中
When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle.
我在度假的時(shí)候去看望瞭(le)叔叔。
22. travel agency旅行社
=travel bureau
23. take off
1)脫(tuō)下(衣服等), 解(除)掉
He took off his wet shoes.
他脫下瞭(le)濕(shī)鞋子。
2)(飛(fēi)機(jī))起飛(fēi)
The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.
飛(fēi)機(jī)準時起飛(fēi)。起飛(fēi)非常順利。
3)匆匆離開
The six men got into the car and took off for the park.
這六個人上瞭(le)車(chē),匆匆離開去公園。
24. go wrong v. 走錯路, 誤入岐途, (機器等)發生故障
25. in all adv. 總共
26. stay away v.外出
27. look up 查詢(如賓語爲代詞,則代詞放中間)
Look up the word in the dictionary.
在字典裏查單(dān)詞(cí)。
相關詞(cí)組:look for 尋找;look after照顧,照料;look forward to期待;look into調(diào)查; look on旁觀;look out注意;look out for注意,留心,提防;look over翻閱,查看,檢查;look around環視;look through翻閱,查看。
28. run after 追逐,追求
If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.
同時(shí)追兩(liǎng)隻兔子,你一隻也抓不到。
29. on the air 廣播
We will be on the air in five minutes.
我們五分鍾以後(hòu)開始廣(guǎng)播。
This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.
這個(gè)節目每天在同一時間(jiān)播出。
30. think highly/well/much of對……評價很高, 贊賞, 對……印象好
He was highly thought of by the manager.
經(jīng)理對(duì)他非常贊賞。
I think well of your suggestion.
我覺(jué)得你的建議(yì)很好。
think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……認爲不好, 好……不在意, 不贊成, 覺(jué)得……不怎麽(me)樣
I don’t think much of him as a teacher.
我覺(jué)得他作爲一個(gè)老師不怎麽樣。
31. leave out
1) 漏掉
You made a mistake—You’ve left out a letter “t”.
你出錯(cuò)瞭(le)—你漏掉瞭(le)一個字母t.
2) 删掉, 沒(méi)用
I haven’t changed or left out a thing.
我沒有作出變(biàn)動也沒有删掉任何東(dōng)西。
32. stare at (由於好奇、激動等張著嘴巴,睜大眼睛地)凝視,盯著看
Don’t stare at foreigners. It’s impolite.
不要盯著(zhe)外國(guó)人看,這樣不禮貌。
比較(jiào):glare at (to stare angrily at)怒視著(zhe)
33. make jokes about 就……說笑
They make jokes about my old hat.
他們(men)就我的舊(jiù)帽子說笑我。
have a joke with … about…跟某人開關(guān)於(yú)某事的玩笑。
He stopped to have a joke with me.
他停下來跟我開玩笑。
play a joke on…開(kāi)某人的玩笑
We played jokes on each other.
我們(men)互相開(kāi)玩笑。
v. joke about 取笑
They joked about my broken English.
他們取笑我蹩腳的英。
34. take over 接管;接替;繼承
what is good and still useful should be taken over.
好的有用的東(dōng)西應當(dāng)繼承。
Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).
我們的主席走瞭(le),因此傑(jié)克将接管(他的工作)。
35. break down
1) 破壞(huài);拆散
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.
人體(tǐ)中的化學(xué)元素把食物分解成有用的物質。
The peace talks are said to have broken down.
(喻)據(jù)說和談破裂瞭(le)。
2)(機(jī)器)損壞(huài)
Our truck broke down outside town.
我們的卡車(chē)在城外抛錨瞭(le)。
The car broke down halfway to the destination.
汽車(chē)在到達目的地的中途抛錨瞭(le)。
3) 失敗(bài);破裂
Their opposition broke down.
他們的反對(duì)意見打消瞭(le)。
4) 精神崩潰(kuì);失去控制
He broke down and wept.
他不禁失聲(shēng)痛哭。
5) 起化學(xué)變(biàn)化
Food is broken down by chemicals.
化學(xué)物質(zhì)引起食物轉化。
36. get on one’s feet
1)站起來(lái);站起來(lái)發(fā)言
2)(=stand on one's feet)自立, 經濟(jì)上獨(dú)立
3)(人)病好瞭(le), 可以起床瞭(le); (使)恢複(fù), 複(fù)蘇(指企業)
37. go through
1) 經(jīng)曆(lì);經(jīng)受;遭到
These countries have gone / been through too many wars.
這些國(guó)家飽(bǎo)經戰火。
2) 完成;做完
I didn't want to go through college.
我不想上完大學(xué)。
3)通過(guò);批準(zhǔn)
The law has gone through Parliament.
議會已經通過(guò)瞭(le)這項法案。
Their plans went through.
他們的計劃(huà)得到瞭(le)批準。
4)全面檢(jiǎn)查;搜查
They went through our luggage at the customs.
在海關(guān)他們檢查瞭(le)我們的行李。
38.take over 接管;接替;繼承
what is good and still useful should be taken over.
好的有用的東(dōng)西應當(dāng)繼承。
Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job).
我們的主席走瞭(le),因此傑(jié)克将接管(他的工作)。
39. break down
1) 破壞(huài);拆散
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.
人體(tǐ)中的化學(xué)元素把食物分解成有用的物質。
The peace talks are said to have broken down.
(喻)據(jù)說和談破裂瞭(le)。
2)(機(jī)器)損壞(huài)
Our truck broke down outside town.
我們的卡車(chē)在城外抛錨瞭(le)。
The car broke down halfway to the destination.
汽車(chē)在到達目的地的中途抛錨瞭(le)。
3) 失敗(bài);破裂
Their opposition broke down.
他們的反對(duì)意見打消瞭(le)。
4) 精神崩潰(kuì);失去控制
He broke down and wept.
他不禁失聲痛哭。
5) 起化學(xué)變(biàn)化
Food is broken down by chemicals.
化學(xué)物質(zhì)引起食物轉化。
50. “So + be/have/助動詞/情态動詞+主詞”的結構。此結構中的語序是倒裝的,“So”代替上句中的某個成分。如果上面一句是否定句,則使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助動詞/情态動詞+主語”的結構。
He’s tired,and so am I.(=I’ m also tired.)
You can swim,and so can I.(=I can also swim.)
She has had supper,and so can I.(=I’ve had lunch,too.)
Tom speaks English,and so does his sister.(=His sister speaks English,too.)
A: I went to the park yesterday.
B: So did I.(=I also went to the park yesterday.)
51.“So +主語+be/have/助動詞/情态動詞”結構中的主謂是正常語序,so相當於indeed,certainly,表示說話人對前面或對方所說情況的肯定、贊同或證實,語氣較強,意思是“確實如此”。
A:It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。
B:So it was.的確(què)如此。(=Yes,it was.)
A:You seem to like sports.
B:So I do.(=Yes,I do.)
A:It will be fine tomorrow.
B:So it will.(=Yes ,it will.)
52.“主語+do/does/did + so”結構指的是按上句的要求做瞭。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事,以免重複。
My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed inmy composition on time.)
語文老師叫我按時交作文, 我照辦(bàn)瞭(le)。
53. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情況)也是如此。”當前面的句子中有幾種不同形式的謂語時,要表示相同情況,必須使用本句型,不能使用so 引起的倒裝句。
She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.
54. There you are. 行瞭,好。 這是一句表示一種事情告一段落或有瞭最終結果的用語。
There you are! Then let's have some coffee.
除此之外,還(hái)可以表示“瞧,對(duì)吧(果然如此)”的語氣。
There you are! I knew we should find it at last.
對(duì)吧!我就知道我們(men)最終能找到的。
55. have some difficulty (in) doing sth. 幹某事有困難;接名詞時,常用句型:have some difficulty with sth.
①Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?
你理解英語口語有困難嗎?
②She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.
她說她在發音方面有困難。
56. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”,“對……有某種程度的瞭解”
①He has a good knowledge of London.
他對倫敦有所瞭解。
②A good knowledge of languages is always useful.
57. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看著猴子從他手上吃花生,很有趣。
fun “好玩,趣事”,不可數(shù)名詞(cí),前面不加不定冠詞(cí)a。
You’re sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定會(huì)玩得很開(kāi)心。
make fun of“取笑”,“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a
strange jacket.人們嘲笑他隻是因爲他穿瞭(le)一件那麽(me)奇怪的衣服。
funny adj. “可笑的,滑稽的”。He looks very funny in his father’s jacket.他穿著(zhe)他父親(qīn)
的衣服,看上去很滑稽。
58. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盤子裏所有東西吃完是有禮貌的。
這是一個動(dòng)詞(cí)不定式作主語的句型,其中to finish eating everything 是主語,it是形式主語。
59. 直接引語和間接引語
(1)直接引語在改爲間(jiān)接引語時,時态需要做相應的調(diào)整。
eg: “I broke your CD player.” (一般過(guò)去時(shí)改成過(guò)去完成時(shí))
He told me he had broken my CD player.
Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”
(現在完成時(shí)改成過(guò)去完成時(shí))
Jenny said she had lost a book.
Mum said, “I’ll go to see a friend.”
(一般将來(lái)時改成過(guò)去将來(lái)時)
Mum said she would go to see a friend.
過去完成時保留原有的時态
He said, “We hadn’t finished our homework.”
He said they hadn’t finished their homework.
注意 直接引語是客觀(guān)真理,過去進行時,時态不變(biàn)。
(2)在直接引語變(biàn)間接引語時,如果從句中的主語時第一人稱(chēng)或被第一人稱(chēng)所修飾,從句中的人稱(chēng)要按照主句中主語的人稱(chēng)變(biàn)化。如:
Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”
Mary said her brother was and engineer.
(3)直接引語如果是反意疑問句,選擇疑問句或一般疑問句,間接引語應改爲由whether或if引導的賓(bīn)語從(cóng)句。如:
He said, “Can you run, Mike?”
He asked Mike whether/if he could run.
(4)直接引語如果是祈使句,間(jiān)接引語應改爲(wèi)“tell(ask, order, beg等) (not) to do sth.”句型。如:
“Pass me the water, please.”said he.
He asked him to pass her the water.
(5)直接引語如果是以“Let’s”開頭的祈使句,變(biàn)爲間接引語時,通常用“suggest+動名詞(cí)或從句”的結構。如:
She said, “Let’s go to the cinema.”
She suggested going to the cinema.
或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.
60. 現在進行時表将來的動作
現在進行時表将來的動(dòng)作,謂語通常爲瞬間動(dòng)詞(cí)。如:come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。這些動(dòng)詞(cí)的進行時後不能再接具體的時間。
(1)用現在進行時表示将來,指的是近期的,按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
(2)現在進行時表示将來與表示正在進行的動作的區别在於(yú):前者通常用瞬間動詞(cí)(有時一些常用動詞(cí)也可以這樣用如:do)如:go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而後者通常是持續性動詞(cí)。
The train is arriving soon.
火車就要進站瞭。
He is reading a novel.
他在看小說。
(3)用現在進(jìn)行時表示将來的時間(jiān),在句中或上下文中通常有表示将來時間(jiān)的狀語。
(4)現在進行時與一般現在時表示将來動作的區别在於(yú):前者表示的将來的動作往往是可以改變(biàn)的,而後者則是根據規定或時間表預計要發生的動作或事情,因此往往是不可改變(biàn)或不可随便改變(biàn)的。
What are you doing next Friday?
下星期五你們打算幹什麽?
The plane takes off at 7:30 tonight.
飛機今晚七點半起飛。