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初中英語期末 | 考點彙總

2019-12-27

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?

【重點語法】

不定代詞(cí):不指名代替任何特定名詞(cí)或形容詞(cí)的代詞(cí)叫做不定代詞(cí)。

 

用法注意:

 

1. some 和any +可數(shù)名/不可數(shù)名。

some 多用於(yú)肯定句,any多用於(yú)否定句、疑問句和條件從(cóng)句 。有些問句中用some,不用any, 問話者希望得到對方肯定回答。

 

2. 由some, any, no, every 與(yǔ) body,one,thing構(gòu)成

3. 不定代詞(cí)若有定語修飾,該定語要置於(yú)其後:如:something interesting

 

【重點短語】

1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth  爲(wèi)某人買(mǎi)某物

2. taste + adj. 嘗(cháng)起來(lái)……

3. nothing...but + V.(原形) 除瞭(le)……之外什麽(me)都沒有

4. seem + (to be) + adj  看起來(lái)

5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到達(dá)某地

6. decide to do sth. 決(jué)定做某事

7. try doing sth. 嘗(cháng)試做某事 / try to do sth. 盡(jǐn)力做某事

8. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡(huān)做某事         

9. want to do sth. 想去做某事

10. start doing sth. 開(kāi)始做某事=begin doing sth.

11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 區(qū)分:stop to do sth. 停下來(lái)去做某事

12.  dislike doing sth. 不喜歡(huān)做某事

14.  so + adj + that + 從(cóng)句    如此……以至於(yú)……

16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴(sù)某人(不要) 做某事

17. keep doing sth.   繼(jì)續(xù)做某事

18. forget to do sth.  忘記(jì)去做某事 / forget doing sth   忘記(jì)做過(guò)某事

 

【詞語辨析】

1.  take a photo/ take photos 拍照

quite a few+名詞(cí)複(fù)數 “許多…”

 

2. seem + 形容詞(cí)  看起來(lái)…... You seem happy today.

seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事  I seem to have a cold

It seems + 從(cóng)句  似乎..….  It seems that no……seem like ... 好像,似乎…..    It seems like a good idea.

 

3. arrive in +大地點(diǎn)= get to= reach+地點(diǎn)名   “到達(dá)......”

arrive at +小地點(diǎn)  

(注:若後跟地點(diǎn)副詞(cí)here/there/home, 介詞(cí)需省略,如:arrive here; get home)

 

4. feel like sth 感覺(jué)像…

feel doing sth. 想要做某事

 

5. wonder(想知道)+疑問詞(cí)(who, what, why)引導的從(cóng)句。

 

6. because of  +名/代/V-ing

because+從句

He can’t take a walk because of the rain.

I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.

 

7.  enough +名詞(cí)  足夠(gòu)的…...

形容詞(cí)/副詞(cí)+enough

 

Unit2 How often do you exercise?

 

【重點語法】

1. 頻(pín)率副詞(cí): always, usually, often, sometimes, never

頻率副詞(cí)在句中通常放在實義動詞(cí)之前, be動詞(cí)或助動詞(cí)之後。常用於(yú)一般現在時态中。

 

2.“次數(shù)”的表達(dá)方法

3. how often“多久一次”問頻(pín)率,回答常含有頻(pín)率詞(cí)組或短語。

常見的how疑問詞:

1)How soon 多久(以後(hòu))

—How soon will he be back?他多久能回來(lái)?

—He will be back in a month. 他一個(gè)月後(hòu)能回來。

2)how long “多久”

—How long did it take you to clean the house? 你打掃(sǎo)房子用瞭(le)多久?

—It took me half an hour to clean the house. 我打掃(sǎo)這房子用瞭(le)半小時。

3)How many+名複(fù)

How much+不可名

“多少” 問數量(how much 還(hái)可問價(jià)格)

 

【重點短語】

1. go to the movies 去看電(diàn)影               

2. look after = take care of 照顧(gù)

3. surf the internet 上網(wǎng)                    

4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式

5. go skate boarding 去劃(huà)闆(bǎn)                 

6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康

7. eating habits 飲食習(xí)慣(guàn)                   

8. take more exercise 做更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)          

9. the same as 與(yǔ)什麽(me)相同                

10. be different from 不同                 

 

11.once a month一月一次

12. twice a week一周兩(liǎng)次          

13.make a difference to 對(duì)......有影響(xiǎng)/作用        

14. most of the students=most students

15. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 購(gòu)物 

16. be good for 對(duì)......有益                    

17. be bad for 對(duì)......有害                    

18. come home from school放學(xué)回家   

19. of course = certainly = sure 當(dāng)然             

20. get good grades 取得好成績(jī)     

21. keep/be in good health 保持健康          

22. take a vacation 去度假    

                

【詞語辨析】

1. maybe / may be

maybe 是副詞(cí),意爲“大概, 可能,或許”,一般用於(yú)句首。May be是情态動詞(cí),意爲“可能是...,也許是...,大概是...”.

The baby is crying. Maybe she is hungry.

The woman may be a teacher.

 

2. a few / few / a little / little

People can live to 100, but few people can live to 150.

There is little time left. I won’t catch the first bus.

Could you give me a little milk?

 

3. hard / hardly

hard作形容詞(cí),意爲“困難的 ,艱苦的,硬的”;作副詞(cí),意爲“努力地,猛烈地”。hardly爲副詞(cí),意爲“幾(jǐ)乎不”。

The ground is too hard to dig.

I can hardly understand them.

It’s raining hard. The people can hardly go outside.

 

4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .  

as for...意思是“至於(yú);關於(yú)”,+名詞(cí)、代詞(cí)或動詞(cí)的-ing形式(即動名詞(cí))。

如:As for him,I never want to see him here.

至於(yú)他 ,我永遠不希望在這裏見(jiàn)到 。

As for the story,you'd better not believe it.

關(guān)於(yú)那故事,你最好不要相信。

 

5. That sounds interesting. 

這是“主語+系動詞+表語”結構的簡單句。sound(聽起來),look(看起來),smell(聞起來),taste(嘗(cháng)起來),feel(覺得),seem(好象),grow(變(biàn)得),get(變(biàn)得)等詞在英語中可用作系動詞,後跟形容詞作表語。如 :

It tastes good.  這(zhè)味道好。

The music sounds very sweet. 這音樂(lè)聽起來(lái)很入耳。

The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 煙霧變(biàn)得越來越濃瞭(le)。

 

6. percent  名詞(cí),意爲(wèi)“百分之……” 

百分數的表示方法:基數+ percent (不用複數形式),percent做主語時,謂語動詞(cí)的數要根據其後面的名詞(cí)來確(què)定。

50%:fifty percent 百分之五十

Fifty percent of the apples are bad. 50%的蘋果都壞(huài)瞭(le)。

Twenty percent of the meat is in the  fridge. 20%的肉都在冰箱

 

7. not… at all 意爲“一點(diǎn)也不”,not應放在be動詞(cí)、情态動詞(cí)或助動詞(cí)之後。

The story isn’t interesting at all. 那個(gè)故事一點(diǎn)也沒有趣。

 

8. It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是……的。

It is interesting to play computer games. 玩電(diàn)腦(nǎo)很有趣。

 

9. take, spend, pay

It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意爲“花費(fèi)某人……時間(jiān)來做某事”。

人(sb.) spend 時間(jiān)/錢(qián)

人(sb.) spend 時間(jiān)/錢(qián) (in) doing“花費多少時間來做某事”。

pay 的主語必須是人,而“花錢(qián)買(mǎi)某物”爲pay...for...

 

10. however 副詞(cí) ,意爲“然而,可是”,表示轉折關(guān)系,可放在句首、句中、句末。

 

Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.

 

【重點語法】

1. 形容詞(cí)和副詞(cí)的比較等級(jí)

(1)形容詞(cí)和副詞(cí)的原形就是原級(jí)

(2)比較(jiào)級(jí),表示較(jiào)……或更……

(3)最高級(jí) , 表示最...。

 

2. 比較(jiào)級(jí)句型: 

(1)A + be動(dòng)詞(cí)+形容詞(cí)的比較級+than +B “A比B更……”(注意:A與B必須是同級的,即必須是人與人,物與物進行對比)

(2)“A+實意動(dòng)詞(cí)+副詞(cí)比較級+ than + B”表示“A比B…”

(3)比較(jiào)A ,B兩人/兩事物問其中哪一個(gè)較(jiào)…...時用句型:

“Who/which +謂語動(dòng)詞(cí)+ adj./adv.比較級,A or B ?”

Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?

 

3. 比較級的特殊用法

(1)“比較(jiào)級(jí)+and+比較(jiào)級(jí)”,意爲“越來越”。多音節比較(jiào)級(jí)用“more and more+原級(jí)”

(2)“the+比較(jiào)級(jí)(…), the+比較(jiào)級(jí)(…)”意思是:”越…越…”The more, the better.

(3)主+ is + the 形容詞(cí)比較級+of the two+名複(fù) “主語是兩者中較......的”

 

4. 兩者在某一方面相同:A+謂語動(dòng)詞(cí)/be動(dòng)詞(cí)+as+ adj./adv.原級+ as+ B.

Helen is as tall as Amy.

Peter studies as hard as Tom.

表示兩者在某一方面不及另一方時,用“not as/so+形容詞(cí)或副詞(cí)原級(jí)+as”

I am not as tall as my sister.

 

5. 形容詞(cí),副詞(cí)比較級(jí)前的修飾語。

當(dāng)需要表示一方超過另一方的程度時,可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, 等來修飾形容詞(cí)比較級。注意: 比較級不能用very, so, too, quite等修飾。

 

【重點短語】

1. more outgoing 更外向/更開(kāi)朗

2. as...as...與(yǔ)…… 一樣(yàng)

3. the singing competition 歌詠(yǒng)比賽(sài)

4. the most important 最重要的

5. be talented in music 在音樂(lè)方面有天賦(fù)

6. the same as 與(yǔ)……相同

7. care about 關(guān)心/留意/關(guān)注

8. be different from 與(yǔ)…...不同

9. be like a mirror 像一面鏡(jìng)子

10. as long as 隻要;與…...一樣(yàng)長(zhǎng)

11. bring out 顯(xiǎn)示/顯(xiǎn)出

12. get better grades 取得更好的成績(jī)

13. reach for 伸手達(dá)到/達(dá)到

14. touch one's heart 感動(dòng)

15. in fact 事實(shí)上

16. make friends 交朋友

17. be good at 在某方面成績(jī)好

18. the other 另一個(gè)

19. be similar to 與(yǔ)…相似

20. be good with 與(yǔ)…和睦相處(chù)

21. have fun=Have a good time 玩得開(kāi)心  

have fun doing sth 做某事很開(kāi)心

22. do the same things as me. 做和我一樣(yàng)的事情

23. It’s+adj+(for sb.)to do sth. “做某事(對(duì)某人來(lái)說)是...的 ” 

24 make friends with sb. 與(yǔ)某人交朋友 

25. as long as  隻要;既然,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從(cóng)句

 

【詞語辨析】

1. be good at=do well in ,其後可接名詞(cí)、代詞(cí)或動名詞(cí),表示擅長(zhǎng)...... 

 

2. care about 關(guān)心 

care for 關愛

take care (當(dāng)/小心)    

take care of (照顧(gù))=look after

 

3. make sb. do sth. : 讓(使)某人做某事(make後(hòu)跟不帶(dài)to的不定式)

His father always make me get up before five o'clock.

make sb. +形容詞(cí):使某人保持某種(zhǒng)狀态

My friends always make me happy.

 

4. be like“就像…”I am like your sister.

look like “外貌上的像 ” I look like my sister.

 

5. That’s why+句子:那就是…的原因/那就是爲(wèi)什麽(me)…

That's why I study English hard. 那就是我努力學(xué)習(xí)英語的原因。

 

6. be different from 與(yǔ)……不同

反:be the same as 與(yǔ)…… 相同

 

7. though    

① adv. 不過(guò);可是;然而(句末補(bǔ)充說明使語氣減弱)

② conj. 雖然;盡(jǐn)管=although,與but 不能同時用在一個(gè)句子中

He said he would come. He didn’t, though.  他說他要來(lái),可是並(bìng)沒有來(lái)。 

Though/Although he has been dead for many years, many people still remember him.

盡管他已經去世很多年瞭(le),但很多人仍然記(jì)得他。

 

8. get better grades 取得更好的成績(jī)

 

9. does(助動詞(cí)do/did),爲瞭(le)避免重複,可代替上文出現過的實意動詞(cí)。

 

10. be good with sb. 與(yǔ)某人相處(chù)得好

 

Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?

 

【重點語法】

1. 形容詞(cí)最高級: 用於(yú)三者或三者以上的人或事物相比較。

标志詞(cí):表比較範(fàn)圍時用in/of

形容詞(cí)最高級(jí)前須加定冠詞(cí)the,副詞(cí)最高級(jí)前可省略the。

 

2. 表示“三者(或以上)中最……的”的句型

1)A + be + the 形容詞(cí)最高級 + 表示範(fàn)圍(in/of介詞(cí)短語)

2)A + 實意動(dòng)詞(cí) + (the) 副詞(cí)最高級 + 表示範圍的of/in介詞(cí)短語 

 

3. 常用句式

1) Who/ Which…+ 最高級(jí)…, A, B or C ?

2)one of +the +形容詞(cí)最高級+名詞(cí)複(fù)數形式,表示“最…之一”

3)序數詞(cí)後(hòu)跟形容詞(cí)最高級

 

【重點短語】

1. so far 到目前爲(wèi)止 ,迄今爲(wèi)止

2. no problem 沒(méi)什麽(me),别客氣

3. have….in common 有相同特征(想法、興(xìng)趣等方面)相同

4. be up to 由…...決(jué)定/是…...的職責(zé)

5. all kinds of … 各種(zhǒng)各樣(yàng)的……

6. play a role in doing sth./ sth. 發(fā)揮(huī)作用,有影響

7. make up 編(biān)造(故事、謊(huǎng)言等)

8. for example=e.g. 例如

9. take …..seriously 認(rèn)真對(duì)待

10. not everybody 並(bìng)不是每個(gè)人

11. close to 離(lí)..….近

12. more and more 越來(lái)越……

 

【詞語辨析】

1. How do you like +名/代/V-ing=What do you think of :“ 你認(rèn)爲…怎麽(me)樣?”

 

2. Thanks for=Thank you for +名/代/V-ing:“感謝(xiè)…”

 

3. You’re welcome. =Not at all. 不客氣(qì)

 

4. talent 名(可)天賦(fù)  

talent show 才藝(yì)表演

talented adj. 有天賦(fù)的

be talented in 在......方面有天賦(fù)

 

5. be good at  擅長(zhǎng)… (= do well in)  

反義(yì)短語(yǔ) :be poor / weak in  在...方面薄弱

be good for 對(duì)……有益,後(hòu)跟人或事物;其反義短語是be bad for

be good to 對……好(和善;慈愛(ài)),相當於(yú) be friendly to,後面通常接人

 

6. all kinds of 各種(zhǒng)各樣(yàng)的

different kinds of 不同種(zhǒng)類(lèi)的

a kind of  一種(zhǒng)…...

* kind of  有點(diǎn)+ adj.:  kind of boring / fat /thin

 

7. win vt. 赢得+獎(jiǎng)品  winner n. 赢者

 

8. watch sb.  do sth. 觀(guān)看某人做瞭(le)某事

watch doing sth. 觀(guān)看某人正在做某事

 

9. 舉例:such as 常列舉幾(jǐ)個(gè)例子,不能窮盡,可和and so

 

Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show?

 

【重點語法】

1. 詢問某人對(duì)某物的觀點(diǎn)及看法 :What do you think of …?=How do you like…?

 

2. 描述喜好I love/ like/ don’t mind/dislike/can’t stand…

 

3. 複(fù)習鞏固一般現在時态:主語+V+其他;主語(三單(dān))+V(三單(dān))+其他)

 

【重點短語】

1. find out 查出/發(fā)現(xiàn)

2. be ready to do 準(zhǔn)備(bèi)做…

3. dress up 打扮/化妝(zhuāng)成

4. take one's place 代替某人

5. do a good job 幹(gàn)的好/表演的出色

6. think of 想到/思考

7. game show 遊戲(xì)節(jié)目

8. learn from 向…...學(xué)習(xí)

9. talk show 訪(fǎng)談節(jié)目

10. soap opera 肥皂劇(jù)

11. go on 繼續

12. watch a movie 看電(diàn)影

13.one of…其中之一

14. try one's best to = do one's best to盡(jǐn)力

15. a pair of 一雙(shuāng)

16. as famous as 一樣(yàng)聞(wén)名/出名

17. look like 看起來(lái)像

18. around the world 世界各地

19. have a discussion about 讨論(lùn)…...

20.one day 某天

21. such as 例如

22. a symbol of 一個(gè)象征/标志

23. something enjoyable 快樂(lè)的事情

24. interesting information 有趣的信息

 

【詞語辨析】

1. want + n  想要……

want to do sth  想要做某事

want sb to do sth 想讓(ràng)某人做某事……

 

2. mind 介意,其後(hòu)+名詞(cí)/代詞(cí)/V-ing

 

3. stand   

1)“站, 站立”    e.g. Stand up!   起立

2) “忍受” (多用於(yú)否定句、疑問句) , 後(hòu)可+名/代/V-ing

 

4. plan vt. & vi.計(jì)劃(huà), 打算,plan to do sth.

plan 還可作名詞(cí),如:make plans 制定計劃(huà)

 

5. v. discuss (讨論(lùn)) + ion→ n. discussion

had a discussion about sth. 對(duì)某事進(jìn)行讨論

 

6. happen v. 發(fā)生; 出現(xiàn)

sth+ happens to sb.”或“sth happened + 時間(jiān)/地點(diǎn)”句式

 

7. 情态動詞

may 語氣(qì)弱於(yú)can,意爲“可能”

might 表推測(cè),語氣(qì)最弱,意爲“可能”

may/might not 表示否定推測(cè)時語氣(qì)最弱,意爲“可能不”

They may not be very exciting. 它們可能不是那麽(me)令人興奮(fèn)。

 

8. expect to do sth.   期盼做某事    

hope to do sth: 希望幹(gàn)某事

很多動詞(cí)後面都可以跟動詞(cí)不定式作賓(bīn)語,如:

want, like, hope, wish, learn, start, begin, prefer, try, ask

 

9. be famous as 作爲(wèi)……而出名

be famous for sth.  因爲(wèi)......而出名

 

10.One of my favorite movies is Mr. Bean. 我最喜歡(huān)的電(diàn)影之一是憨豆先生。

 

11. show  n. 節(jié)目 TV shows/ talent shows;v. 展示 show sth. to sb.= show sb. sth.

 

Unit6  I’m going to study computer science.

 

【重點詞語/短語用法解析】

1. want to be/become + (職業)名詞(cí) :“想要成爲(wèi)…..”

I want to be (be) a scientist when I grow up.

 

2. write stories 寫(xiě)故事   

tell stories 講(jiǎng)故事

 

3. keeping doing sth. 保持做某事(表動(dòng)作或狀态的持續(xù))

 

4. be sure about +名/代/V-ing“肯定”

Are you sure about that?

make sure (that)+從(cóng)句“…...確(què)保...…”

Make sure that both doors are closed when you go out.

 

5. learn sth.  We must learn English every day.

learn to do sth.   I am going to learn to play ( play) the piano.

 

6. discuss  v. 讨論(lùn);商量    名詞(cí)是discussion

discuss with sb. 與(yǔ)某人讨論(lùn)  :

Discuss this question with your partner.  

Let’s discuss this problem. 讓我們讨論(lùn)一下這個(gè)問題。        

All we need now is action, not discussion. 我們現在需要的是行動(dòng),不是讨論(lùn)。

 

7. be able to do sth. 能夠(gòu)做某事 

(1)can : can+動詞原形,無人稱和數的變(biàn)化。隻能用於(yú)一般現在時和一般過去時,不能用於(yú)将來時。

be able to + 動詞原形,有人稱和數的變(biàn)化,可用於(yú)多種時态。

(2)can 常指客觀上能夠;be able to 更側(cè)重於(yú)經過努力、克服一定困難有能力做成某事。

He will be able to(能夠(gòu)) speak English next year.(在此不能填can)

 

8. promise  n. 承諾(nuò);諾(nuò)言  v. 許(xǔ)諾(nuò);承諾(nuò);答應        

make a promise(to sb) (對(duì)某人)許下諾(nuò)言

keep a promise 遵守諾(nuò)言    

break a promise 違(wéi)背諾(nuò)言

promise (sb) to do sth. 許諾(nuò)某人幹(gàn)某事

promise (sb) +that 從(cóng)句

He promised to help me. 他許諾過(guò)要幫(bāng)助我。

 

9. have to do with  關(guān)於(yú);與……有關(guān)系

The book has to do with computers. 那本書與計算機(jī)有關(guān)。

 

10. take up sth./doing sth.(尤指爲消遣)學著(zhe)做;開(kāi)始做

I am going to take up cooking next year. 明年我将要學(xué)煮飯(fàn)。

 

11. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep.

too+形容詞(cí)/副詞(cí) to+動(dòng)詞(cí)原形,表示“太…...而不能...…”如:

The kid is too young to play this game. 這個(gè)小孩太小 ,不能玩這個(gè)遊戲(xì)。

 

【重點語法】

 

一般将來時“am/is/are going to +動(dòng)詞(cí)原形”結構

 

1. 基本形式

 

否定式:am/is/are not going to +動(dòng)詞(cí)原形

 

一般疑問式:am/is/are +主語+ going to + 動(dòng)詞(cí)原形+其他?

 

特殊疑問(wèn)式:特殊疑問(wèn)詞(cí)+一般疑問(wèn)式?

 

He is going to spend his holidays in London. 他打算在倫(lún)敦度假。

 

Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm. 看那烏(wū)雲,快要下雨瞭(le)。

 

Is he going to collect any data for us? 他會(huì)幫(bāng)我們收集數據嗎?

 

What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你打算作什麽(me)?


2. 基本用法

 

(1)表示事先經過(guò)考慮、安排好打算、計劃(huà)要做某事。

 

Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon. 

今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌劇(jù) 。

 

(2)表示根據目前某種迹象判斷(duàn),某事非常有可能發生,表示推測(cè)。

 

Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 

瞧!烏(wū)雲密集。天要下雨瞭(le)。

 

Unit7 Will people have robots?

 

【重點詞語/短語用法解析】

 

1. many+可數名詞  許多......
much +不可數名詞  許多......

 

2. live to be+基數詞 + years old“活到...…歲”

 

3. be in great danger 處在極大的危險中

 

4. play a part in +名/代/V-ing. 參與某事/做某事
Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.

 

5. help (sb.) with sth. 幫助(某人)做某事
He often helps me with my English.    
help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助(某人)做……  
He often helps me study English.

 

6. the same as… 和……一樣(yàng)......  反義(yì)短語:be different from

 

7.  It takes/took/will take sb. some time to do sth. 某人花瞭……時間做某事(時态根據具體情況決定)   
It takes me an hour to get to my office.    
sb. spend time/money (in) doing sth. 花費時間(金錢)做某事。
They spent two years building this bridge. 造這座橋花瞭他們兩年時間。

 

8. hundreds of + 名詞複數   許多/大量...... 
數詞+hundred + 名詞複數  幾百......
類似的數詞還有thousand(千) ,  million(萬)
There are four hundred students in our grade.
There are hundreds of tourists in Beijing every year.

 

9. during  在…期間 
during the vacation/the daytime/the weekend

 

10. the meaning of  …...的意思
Can you tell me the meaning of the words?

 

Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?

 

【重點詞語/短語用法解析】
1. cut是“切, 割”的意思,過去式爲cut。
cut up 意爲“切碎”
Cut up the bananas. = Cut the bananas up.       
Cut it /them up.

 

2. turn
turn off 關掉, 截斷(電流、煤氣、水等)
turn up 開大, 調高(音量、熱量等)     
turn down 調低, 關小(音量、熱量等)

 

3.another ten minutes 再多十分鍾
數字+ more + 物品  指“另外的……
another + 數字 + 物品  指“另外的……
當數字爲one時,常與more連用或隻用 another。
Give me two more hamburgers?
another two hamburgers

 

4. forget to do sth. 忘記(去)做某事
forget doing sth. 忘記已做過某事。

 

5. It’s a time (for sb). to do sth.  該是(某人)做某事的時期瞭
It’s time (for sb.)to do sth. =It’s time for sth. 該是(某人)做某事的時間瞭。
It’s a time for you to study English.
It’s time for us to go to school.(It’s time for school.)

 

6. give thanks for +名/代V-ing “感恩...…”
We should give thanks for our parents.
He gave thanks for life and food.

 

7. Most Americans still celebrate this ideas of giving thanks by having a big meal.
by +sth./doing :
1)以…...方式 I study English by listening to English songs.
2)在...…的旁邊 I am sitting by the pool.     
3)在...…之前 I have to go to school by 8:00.  
4)搭乘 I go to school by bus.

 

8. Here is +名單(賓語) “這是…” 是倒裝句
Here is a photo of my family.
Here are+名複                          
Here are some English books.
當賓語是代詞時,要用順裝。如:Here you are.(對)  Here are you.(錯)

 

9. fill sth. with sth. 用...…把…...裝滿 (強調動作)
be full of“裝滿…”(強調狀态)
I filled the cup with the milk.   
The cup is full of the milk.

 

10. put…in(into)… 把…...放到...… 裏

 

11. cover…with… 用…...覆蓋

 

12. cut …into 把…...切成...… Cut the apple into four pieces.
cut up… 切碎

 

13. serve v. 服務  n. service
serve +名/代 “提供…” The shop serves nice food.
serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb.  Serve it to your friends with some vegetables.
serve sb. with sth. “用某物招待某人” Serve the guests with some tea.

 

Unit9 Can you come to my party?

 

【重點詞語/短語用法解析】
1. one…another… 表示不確定數目中的另一個
one…the other… 表示兩者中的另一個
I have two brothers. One is a lawyer and the other is a manager.

 

some…others… 表示沒有範圍限定的“一些…...另一些...…”
some…the others… 表示某一範圍的“一些...…其餘的…...” 
Some go to school by bike and others go to school by bus.
Some go to school by bike and the others go to school by bus.

 

2. invite  v. 邀請  n. invitation
invite sb. to do sth.“邀請某人幹某事”      
invite sb. to+地點名詞
1) Mr. Green invited me to visit his factory last week.
2) Thanks a lot for your invitation
3) Thanks for inviting me to your party.

 

3.(1)What’s the date today? 意爲“今天是幾月幾号?” It’s +月+日。
(2)What day is it today? 意爲“今天是星期幾?”It’s + 星期幾。
—What’s the date? —It’s September 10th.
—What day is it today? — It’s Wednesday.

 

4. have a lesson(class) 上課
have an English lesson

 

5. prepare  v. 準備   n. preparation
prepare sth. “準備某物”,所準備的東西就是後面的賓語。
prepare for sth. “爲……做準備”,指爲後面的賓語做準備
prepare to do sth. “準備做某事”

 

6.  bring...to…“帶來”把某物從别的地方帶到說話人的地方
take…to …“帶去”把某物從說話的地方帶到别處去。
(兩者方向相反)
Bring your homework here, and take the book away.
把你的作業拿過來,把這本書帶走。

 

7. without(介詞)沒有  反義詞:with“具有”
We can’t live without water.     
Jane is a beautiful girl with long hair.

 

8. so that +從句: 以便於;目的是   
I study hard so that I can get good grades.

 

9. surprise  n. 驚奇  
surprised adj. 感到驚奇的(指人)
surprising  adj. 令人驚奇的(指物)
be surprised at sth.“驚奇於某事”   
① I’m surprised at the surprising news. 我對這個令人驚訝的消息感到很吃驚。
② To my surprise, he left without leaving a word. 令我驚奇的是,他一聲不響地離開瞭。

 

10. look forward to (介詞)+名/代/V-ing
I look forward to your reply. 我期待你的答複。
I look forward to seeing you again.

 

11. hear from sb. = get a letter from sb. 收到某人的來信。
I heard from my friends yesterday.=I got a letter from my friend yesterday.

 

12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式
Exercising is the best way to keep healthy.

 

13. how to do that. “該怎麽做” ,疑問詞+to do sth常用來做賓語
I don’t know how to make a banana milk shake.
I don’t know what to do.

 

14. at the end of “在…末尾”  
Now, it is at the end of 2014.  
反義短語:at the beginning of “ 在…開始”

 

15. be glad/happy/sad to do sth.“很高興/難過做某事     
I  am glad to see you.

 

16. reply to sb./sth.“回複…”
Reply in writing to the invitation “以寫信形式回複這份邀請函”

 

【重點語法】
一. 表示邀請的句型

 

1. Can/Could you…(come to my party)?
2. Would you like to..( Would you like to my party)?
接受:Sure/Yes/Of course, I’d love/like to.
拒絕::① I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to/must+V原 (陳述理由 )
② I’d love/like to, but I … (理由)   
3.I’m afraid not. I…(理由)

 

二. must與have to

 

1. must 表示主觀“必須”;must 表示“主觀上的要求”,無人稱和時态的變化,否定回答: needn’t 或 don't have to (不必)。mustn’t 表示“禁止”.
2. have to表客觀需要,有人稱和時态變化,否: don’t / doesn’t / didn’t have to (沒必要)
—Must I be home before eight o’clock?  8點之前我必須回家嗎?
—Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to.

 

Unit10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!

 

【重點詞語/短語用法解析】

1. have a great time 意爲“玩得愉快”have a great / good time in (doing) sth. 做某事很開心

 

2. ask sb.(not)to do sth.  要求某人(不)做某事
The teachers ask us to do (do) lots of homework.

 

3. order sth. from +地點“從某地訂購食物”
I want to order some books from the book store.

 

4. keep…to

 

5. unless  conj. 除非;如果不    
unless 引導的條件句表示在特定條件下,才決定做或不做一件事。=if...not
The concert will be held as schedule unless there is a typhoon.= The concert will be held as schedule if there is not a typhoon.

 

6. be afraid to do sth. 害怕幹某事 
I’m afraid to speak in front of other people.
be afraid of sth. 害怕某事      
He told me not to be afraid of difficulties.      
be afraid +that從句
 
7. be angry with sb.
We were angry with him for keeping us waiting.
be angry at/about sth.
He is angry at/about your answer.   
I was very angry at what he said.  

 

8. in the end 最後;終於= at last/ finally
at the end of  在...末端;到...盡頭
He married the nice girl in the end/at last/finally. 
The school is at the end of the street.     

 

9. careless  adj. 粗心的;反義詞:careful, 意爲“小心的”。
The boy is very careless. 這個男孩很粗心。
He is more careful than me. 他比我認真。      

 

10. advise  v.“勸告;建議”n. advice, 是不可數名詞.
Give me some advice!
advise doing sth. 建議做某事。
advise sb.(not)to do sth. 建議某人(不)做某事
I advise waiting till the right time. 我建議等到适當的時候。
I advise him not to sleep late every day. 我建議他不要每天睡懶覺。

 

11. It’s best (not) to do sth. 最好(不)做某事
It’s best to speak English every day.

 

12. run away from“ 從…逃離” “逃避”  

 

13. cut …in half “切成兩半”

 

【重點語法】
if條件句

 

if條件句:條件句用於陳述語氣,表示假設的情況可能發生,其中 if 是“如果”的意思,引導條件狀語從句,if從句用一般現在時,主句則用一般将來時。

 

注意:在與if條件句連用的主句中我們一般用will 表示将來時,而不用be going to 表示将來時。

 

PS:在when(當…時候), after, before 等引導的時間狀語從句中,如果主句爲一般将來時,從句要用一般現在時表示将來(主将從現)。

如:I will call you when I reach Canada. 我一到加拿大就給(gěi)你打電(diàn)話。

 

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